Fires of Jubilee essays

Fires of Jubilee essays The author, Stephen B. Oates described this book as a book thats adventurous and never ending. The authors purpose of this book was to bring back the past and tell us what we didnt know about the slave rebellion. Tell us what was actually happening behind the great battles that were lead by the Americans and the British, also the French. He wrote this book in many different ways, and ideas. Sometimes the story will jump into another subject that is relating to the other subjects. He described the book as he was a slave himself. How the slaves brought America into a new era. How that blacks were not as week as the whites think they were. Also that not all blacks are stupid, especial Nat Turner who turned out, was the smartest black person in Virginia. The author just wanted us to know, that slaves are supposed to be treated the same way as other people and also the whites. The story was first based on the year 1780s and it ends at the year 1831. The story is based in the southern part of Virginia along the North Carolina border; lay a little-known back-water called Southampton County. The story is mostly places in gigantic fields and land of plantation owned by the rich whites. Also near many woods and mysterious swamps behind most of the plantation fields. It is in between 2 rivers. 1 big river called the Nottoway River and the small river called Tarrara Creek. And this story is also located between two cities known as Jerusalem and also Cross Keys. As the story keeps on moving on, its starts to tell us more about the City. Basically what happens in the city and what activities people (whites) do in their time of slavery. The Nat Turner Rebellion was an important event in the history of the United States. As a result of the rebellion that Nat started, the history of America is a drastically different place than it would have been. In the book The Fires of Jubilee: Nat Turners Fierce Reb ...

Learn How Many Total Electoral Votes There Are

Learn How Many Total Electoral Votes There Are In the United States, the president and vice president are elected by the Electoral College rather than the popular vote of the people- and, as of April 2018, there are a total of 538 electoral votes. This system of indirect democracy was chosen by the  Founding Fathers  as a compromise between allowing Congress to elect a president and giving potentially uninformed citizens a direct vote.   The history of how that number of electoral votes came to be and the number needed to elect a president is an interesting story. Electoral Votes Background Former U.S. Treasury Secretary  Alexander Hamilton  wrote in Federalist (Paper) No. 68: Nothing was more to be desired than that every practicable obstacle should be opposed to cabal, intrigue, and corruption.  The Federalist Papers, authored by Hamilton,  James Madison, and John Jay, represented an attempt to convince the  states to ratify the Constitution. The framers of the Constitution, and many in leadership positions in the 1780s, feared the influence of the  unwashed  mob. They feared that, if allowed to directly elect the president, the general populace might foolishly vote for an unqualified president or even a despot- or the  masses might be unduly  influenced by foreign governments  when voting for a president. In essence, the Founding Fathers felt the masses could not be trusted. Hence, they created the Electoral College, where citizens of each state would vote for a slate of electors, who theoretically were pledged to then vote for a specific candidate. But, if circumstances warranted, the electors could be free to vote for a candidate other than the one to whom they were pledged. The Electoral College Today Today, each citizens vote indicates which electors he would like to have represent  him during the Electoral College process. Each presidential ticket has a group of designated electors ready to respond should their party win the popular vote of the people during a presidential election, which occurs every four years in November. The number of electoral votes is derived by adding the number of senators (100), the number of members in the House of Representatives (435), and three additional votes for the District of Columbia. (The District of Columbia was awarded three electoral votes with the passage of the 23rd Amendment in 1961.) The total number of electors, then, adds up to 538 total votes. To win the presidency, a candidate needs more than 50 percent of the electoral votes. Half of 538 is 269. Therefore, a candidate needs 270 Electoral College votes to win. More About the Electoral College The total number of electoral votes does not vary from year to year because the number of members of the House of Representatives and the Senate does not change. Instead, every 10  years with the new census, the number of electors shifts from states that have lost population to states that have gained population. Though the number of electoral votes is fixed at 538, there are circumstances that can arise requiring special attention. There is a constitutional process that goes into effect in case of a  tie in the Electoral College.Most states use a winner-takes-all method, where the candidate who wins the states popular vote is awarded the states entire slate of electors. As of April 2018, Maine and Nebraska are the only states that do not use a winner-takes-all system.Because of the way electors are apportioned, the presidential candidate with the most votes by the citizenry does not always win the election and become president. This was the case with  Hillary Clinton, who  won the popular vote by nearly 3 million ballots  in the 2016 presidential election, but  Donald Trump  became president because he  received 290 out of 538 electoral votes, 20 more than the 270 electoral votes he needed to win.

Capital Budgetting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Capital Budgetting - Research Paper Example This topic has various fields such as capital budgeting which acts as an instrument in the monetary and fiscal policy. The two policies are necessary in improving net worth in the economy of a country in order to enhance development. This is mainly achieved through the reliance of debts rather than from other convectional sources such as tax. Capital budgeting is introduced in the economy so as to reduce deficit caused when expenditure exceeds revenue. In addition, capital budgeting is also primarily concerned with investment in the economy within long-term assets. These assets can either be tangible items such as equipment and property or intangible such as technology, trademarks and patents. However, the key challenge in capital budgeting is defining appropriate balances between current and capital expenditure. It is, therefore, important to enhance proper capital budgeting in order to reduce debts. This paper work analyzes a comprehensive research on capital budgeting in the econo my. This is in an effort to identify some aspects of corporate practices, which are consistent with capital budgeting policies and decisions. Capital budgeting decisions Capital budgeting decisions is highly applicable in the economy to maximize market values of firms to their shareholders. The decisions, therefore, have greater and long range impacts on the performance of firms. This is because the nature of the capital budgeting decision can either cause success or failure of a firm in the economy framework. According to financial theory by Keynes, capital budgeting decisions revolve around assets values. This is by ensuring value of assets in the entire economy is equivalent to the discounted values of the expected future cash flow (Graham & Harvey, 2002). Net present value (NPV) vs. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) These are two capital budgeting decision measures that are used to evaluate the nature of the product market before undertaking investment project. This means that firms contemplating investment in the capital market need to embrace net present value (NPV) rule in order to know when to undertake projects. According to this rule, a firm is only required to undertake capital investment project when NPV is either zero or positive. However, current survey shows that many firms across the world use internal rate of return (IRR) as a primary criterion of evaluating capital investment projects (Gervais, 2009). According to a survey that was conducted in 2000 among large companies in the world, 10 percent of them relied on NPV as a primary source of business evaluation while more that 50 percent relied on internal rate of return. Although the two methods have a similarity in evaluating the nature of the market, they exhibit critical difference in that IRR is expressed in ratio form while NPV measures the value added in dollar. However, Dayananda indicates that research shows that most of the companies and firms across the globe uses internal rate of return and net present value for their capital budgeting techniques. In addition, large firms record high rate of using NPV than small companies. This is because they require more accurate measure to prevent incurring higher losses because they engage in paramount investment (Dayananda, 2002). In addition, some surveys show that NPV is also like to be used by firms with high leverage than IRR contrary to firms with a reduced debt

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 5

Project Management - Essay Example d like a good idea at the time.† In fact, says Mike Peterson, Executive Manager of PriceWaterHouse, many organisations have difficulty turning their business ideas into reality. So, project management is the art of directing and coordinating human and material resources throughout the life of a project by using modern management techniques to achieve predetermined objectives of scope, cost, time, quality, and participation satisfaction. This topic â€Å"Project management† considers practices in project management within local Government, and Conceptual Model of Organisation, Organisation’s measures are provided with project management. Project management helps to develop various applications for local Government, Banking system, helps to provide IT services including operating a large wide area network, generating government statistic, helps to plan and draft various Government initiatives and policy. This project provides conceptual Model of Organisation with the descriptions of two models Price Water House. These days, the traditional measures of a project’s success extend well beyond â€Å"On time, on budget, and to specifications† to include such criteria as â€Å"Delivery of anticipated benefits, engagement of stakeholders, and organizational adoption.† Easy to say, of course, but it is hard to do in practice. In project management, the metrics of on time, on budget, fit for purpose, and they are dependent variables. For example: a decision to cut cost (budget) will shorten the work (time) allowed to complete the project and (potentially) reduce the quality of the work. It may seem obvious, but any project undertaken by a company should be driven by business objectives; projects that do not clearly advance the aims of the company should simply not be undertaken. Many organisations review their business aims on a regular basis and adjust them for a variety of reasons. The review and approval of projects should be fully integrated into this process. The

Virtue ethics Essay Example for Free

Virtue ethics Essay Today the Arms Procurement Commission began public hearings into what appears to be the biggest corruption scandal in the history of South Africa. Apply the Global Business Standards Codex and explain if and how the Defense Department used these principles, what they could have done differently if the Codex was applied GLOBAL BUSINESS STANDARDS CODEX. †¢ Fiduciary Principle (Diligence, Loyalty) †¢ Property Principle (Protection, Theft) †¢ Reliability Principle (Contracts Premises, Commitments) †¢ Transparency Principle (Thruthfulness, Deception, Disclosure, Objectivity) †¢ Dignity Principle (Respect for the Individual, Health and Safety, Privacy and Confidentiality, Use of Force, Associatiation Expression, Learning Development, Employment Security) †¢ Fairness Principle (Fair Dealing, Fair Treatment, Fair Competition, Fair Process) †¢ Citizenship Principle (Law Regulation, Public Goods, Cooperation with Authorities, Political Noninvolvement, Civic Contribution †¢ Responsiveness Principle (Addressing Concerns, Public Involvement). LEARNING OBJECTIVES (TOPIC 3) After completion of this topic, you will be able to: 1. Describe the main ethical theories and apply it to business scenarios  © iStockphoto. com/Dan Bachman ETHICAL THEORIES Three periods in history of ethics Greek period (500 BC-AD 500) †¢ The man who performed his duties as a citizen = good man †¢ Greeks – â€Å"Man is the measure of all things† – he decides for himself what is right and wrong †¢ Socrates, Plato and Aristotle emphasised the need and importance of understanding the nature of goodness †¢ Stoics emphasised that goodness is natural to man, laws of morality are the laws of nature – rational and comprehensive to human reason. ETHICAL THEORIES Medieval period (AD 500 – AD 1500) †¢ Attention was given to inner aspect of morality due to spread of Christianity †¢ Changed Greeks’ view that ethics is a part of politics †¢ The standard of right and wrong was according to God’s law in the Bible and was against any doubts ETHICAL THEORIES Modern period (AD 1500 onwards) †¢ Individualism more important that priests’ preaching and church principles †¢ Human freedom and human accomplishments more important than the Christian revelation †¢ The difference between right and wrong was subjective, depending on the attitude of the individual making the moral judgement ETHICAL CONCEPTS THEORIES. †¢ Developed by moral philosophers over generations to distinguish ethical from unethical behaviour †¢ Viewpoints from which guidance can be obtained along the pathway to a decision †¢ Each theory emphasizes different points in order to reach an ethically correct decision †¢ Theories are directed towards achieving a common set of goals (Ethical principles) ETHICAL CONCEPTS THEORIES ETHICS DEFINED The domain of ethics is centrally concerned with human CHARACTER (the kind of people we are) and CONDUCT (how we relate to others) Three key questions comprise the focus of this domain: 1. 2. What is good or bad for humans? What constitutes right or wrong conduct? 3. How ought we to live and treat others? ETHICS OF CONDUCTS CONSEQUENTIALISM The rightness/wrongness of an action is determined by its consequences or results The right action is the one that: †¢ Promotes the greatest happiness of the greatest number (maximizes social utility) = Utilitarianism †¢ Produces results that maximise a person’s selfinterest = Ethical Egoism CONSEQUENTIALISM UTILITARIANISM †¢ Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) Creator of Utilitarianism †¢ Goodness = human well-being – what benefits is good and what harms is evil †¢ Two concepts of importance: †¢ Pleasure and pain governs our lives †¢ Pleasure makes life happier and pain makes it worse †¢ Utility – net benefits. and usefulness produced by an action †¢ An action is right if the act is greater than the sum total of utilities produced by any other act †¢ Hedonistic Calculus – system to measure amount of pleasure and pain that an action produces CONSEQUENTIALISMUTILITARIANISM 7 Criteria Questions Asked 1. Intensity How intense/strong is the pleasure and emotional satisfaction? 2. Duration How long will the pleasure last? 3. Certainty How certain am I that pleasure will occur? 4. Propinquity How soon will the pleasure occur? How near is it? 5. Fecundity How likely is it that this experience will cause more pleasure in the future? 6. Purity Is there any pain that accompanies this pleasure? 7. Extent How many people will be affected? CONSEQUENTIALISMUTILITARIANISM. †¢ John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) – qualitative separation of pleasures †¢ Bentham treats all forms of happiness as equal, whereas Mill argues that intellectual and moral pleasures (higher pleasures) are superior to more physical forms of pleasure (lower pleasures) †¢ Mills argument is that the simple pleasures tend to be preferred by people who have no experience with high art, and are therefore not in a proper position to judge. CONSEQUENTIALISM – ACT AND RULE UTILITARIANISM †¢ Rule Utilitarianism an action is right if it conforms to a set of rules which produce the greatest balance of pleasure over pain †¢ Act Utilitarianism – an action is right if and only if it produces the greatest balance of pleasure over pain for everyone CONSEQUENTIALISM – ETHICAL EGOISM †¢ One’s self is, or should be, the motivation and the goal of one’s own action †¢ Three categories: individual, personal, and universal ? An individual ethical egoist would hold that all people should do whatever benefits them ? A personal ethical egoist would hold that he or she should act in his or her self-interest, but would make no claims about what anyone else ought to do ? A universal ethical egoist would argue that everyone should act in ways that are in their self-interest CONSEQUENTIALISM All is well that ends well, regardless of means used to produce results End justifies the means! NON-CONSEQUENTIALISM DEONTOLOGY †¢ Emphasis on rules, duty, rights †¢ Actions are right if they respect rules and wrong if they violate them †¢ Golden rule – Do unto others as you would have them do unto you (human dignity, respect for people, obligation, duty) DEONTOLOGY. †¢ Morality and ethics are to be understood as systems of rules meant to govern and guide conduct †¢ Deontological ethical theories are agent-relative as opposed to agent neutral you have a duty †¢ If an action is of the wrong kind, it is forbidden, no matter how good its consequences are †¢ Rejects both Utilitarianism and Ethical Egoism DEONTOLOGY – KANTIANISM †¢ Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) Ends, not mere means: don’t treat rational agents (others or yourself) as mere objects to be used or exploited Categorical imperative – everyone should be treated as a free person equal to everyone else (unconditional) Everyone has a moral right to such treatment and a correlative duty to treat others in this way Mustn’t sacrifice the few even to benefit the many †¢ †¢ †¢ DEONTOLOGY – KANTIANISM. †¢ Performing an action solely because it is our duty is what Kant refers to as a good will – being good without qualification Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will it that it should become a universal law of nature – offers consistency †¢ DEONTOLOGY – NATURAL LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS †¢ Another approach to Deontology and complementary to Kantianism †¢ Natural rights: ? Right to freedom/ liberty – freedom from coercive powerful rulers ? Right to ownership and property – each person has a right to ownership over own body and own labour and is free to decide what will be done with what he or she owns, without interference NATURAL LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS. †¢ †¢ Moral rights –by virtue of being human Each right has a corresponding duty and these duties may be perfect or imperfect Rights play an important role in business ethics – stakeholders have rights Many rights however come into conflict and it is difficult to decide whose rights receives priority (victims or criminals) †¢ †¢ DEONTOLOGY – JUSTICE AND FAIRNESS †¢ †¢ †¢ Fair and equitable distribution of opportunities and hardships to all Ask how fairly benefits and costs are distributed to everyone regardless of power, position, wealth, etc. Seven categories: ? Distributive Justice – concerned with fair distribution of society’s benefits and burdens ? Cooperation and competition – taking a proper share of some good ? Procedual justice – fair, decisive practices, procedures and agreements among parties DEONTOLOGY – JUSTICE AND FAIRNESS. ? Retributive Justice – just imposition of punishment and penalties upon wrong-doers – does the punishment fit the crime ? Compensatory justice – compensating people for losses they have suffered when they were wronged by others – losses due to Apartheid ? Corrective justice – laws themselves as instruments of justice should be considered as just ? Distribution – take into account who has suffered an unfair share of the costs of a policy and others who have unfairly benefitted from a policy RAWLS’ PRINCIPLES OF JUSTICE †¢ All social values – liberty and opportunities, income and wealth, and the bases of self-respect – are to be distributed equally unless unequal distribution of any, or all of these values, is to everyone’s advantage. Two principles †¢ †¢ Basic freedoms Freedom of speech, liberty and pursuit of happiness Difference principle -There can be inequalities as long as it makes the worst person better off DEONTOLOGY â€Å"The end doesn’t justify the means. † ETHICS OF CHARACTER ARISTOTELIANISM – VIRTUE APPROACHES †¢ Examines a person’s moral character and whether or not this exhibits virtue †¢ Aristotle – a moral virtue is a habit that enables one to exercise reason in all actions †¢ Action of giving people goods they exactly deserve is justice (virtue) or giving too little/ too much is injustice (vice) †¢ Virtues are means to and constituents of happiness †¢ Virtue ethics makes being virtuous an essential element of leading a moral life SUMMARY ETHICAL THEORIES Utilitarian Model. ? When confronted with an ethical dilemma: †¢ Identify alternative courses of action †¢ Determine both benefits and harms of each alternative course of action for ALL stakeholders †¢ Most benefits and least harm to the greatest number of people ? The Utilitarian Model has a strong capitalistic orientation and supports: †¢ Profit maximisation †¢ Self-interest †¢ Rewarding hard work Weakness: Focus †¢ Competition on outcome rather ? Focus of ethical behaviour is around: than process which might be †¢ Organisational/ Public Services goals unethical †¢ Efficiency †¢ Conflicts of interest ETHICAL THEORIES Moral Rights Model ? When confronted with an ethical dilemma: †¢ Identify if any decision or behaviour violates the rights of an individual †¢ If it does, it is wrong Weakness: Focus only ? Focus of ethical behaviour is around: on individual †¢ Right to safety and not societal rights †¢ Right to know the truth †¢ Right to privacy †¢ Right not to engage in behaviours that are contradictory to a person’s moral or religious beliefs †¢ Right to freedom of speech ? Provides clear guidelines on moral individual rights ETHICAL THEORIES Justice Model ? When confronted with an ethical dilemma: †¢ Identify if any decision or behaviour violates the rights of both individuals and groups †¢ If it does, it is wrong ? Focus of three principles: †¢ Distributive Justice Principle ? Everyone needs to be treated the same, unless they differ in ways which are reliant to the situation †¢ Fairness Principle ? Obligations as a result of relationships †¢ Natural Duty Principle ? Accepting responsibility in exchange for certain rights Any questions?

How does the concentration of sucrose affect the weight Essay -- GCSE

How does the concentration of sucrose affect the weight of pieces of potato after osmosis has taken place? Aim The aim of this is experiment is to investigate how much sucrose is in a potato. We are going to investigate the effect of different concentrations of sucrose on the weights of pieces of potato after osmosis has taken place. Prediction I predict that the less concentrated the solution of sucrose is, the greater the weight of the potato will be. I predict this because osmosis is the movement of water from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration through a semi-permeable membrane i.e. the cell wall of the potato. If the concentration of water inside the potato is high then the water will pass out through the cell wall, decreasing the weight of the potato. If the concentration of water outside of the potato is high then the water from outside of the potato will pass through the cell wall into the potato, thus increasing the weight of the potato. A low concentration of sucrose will have a greater ratio of water to sucrose, so more water will pass thorough into the potato in an attempt to even up the amounts of water and sucrose on both sides. If the concentration of sucrose outside of the potato is high then there will be less water to pass through into the potato and the potato will therefore lose water from inside in an attempt to even up the concentrations of sucrose and water on both sides. If the cell has lost water then it will not weigh as much as a cell full of water as the cell will be flaccid. If the cell has gained water then it will be turgid and will weigh more. The higher the concentration of the sugar solution, the faster osmosis will take place. I think this because the more sugar in the water, the longer it will take for it to balance out. Some background information Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of high concentration (lots of water particles) to an area of low concentration (few water particles). It is only the movement of water, as only water particles are small enough to pass through the semi-permeable cell membrane of the plant. Osmosis makes plants cells swell up if they are surrounded by a weak solution i.e. a lot of water, and they therefore become turgid. This is useful in giving support for cells and opening stomatal guard cel... ...in that will affect the next measurement. Our results were also left by a window, so the temperature could have been affected if the window was open or the weather outside was hot. To improve this experiment next time we can also make sure that we leave the test tubes in the test tube racks nowhere near anything that will affect the temperature i.e. a heater or a window. The conclusion may only be valid only within a certain range, if we were to use even more precise concentrations of sucrose solution then we can eventually find out the precise concentration that provides the correct answer. The concentrations used were slightly too vague as I had to say that the answer must lie between two amounts. However, if we were to improve the experiment by narrowing down the concentrations we will use even more then this will be time-consuming and very tedious. Therefore, it will not be a good idea to try and improve the experiment in this way. To extend this investigation we can also experiment changing the following variables: Þ Temperature of the experiment Þ Surface area of the pieces of potato Þ Weight of the potato Þ How long the experiment is left for.

Focus Journal # 20, Sharon Olds, the Promise, 591

Focus Journal # 20, Sharon Olds, The promise, 591 May 2, 2012 I. Understanding: In this poem Sharon Olds wishes the reader to believe that when terminally ill a man should have say in whether he continues to suffer in pain while useless, or to keep living. II. Analyzing: In this poem Olds does a great job painting a visual picture in the readers mind. â€Å"We are also in our/bed, fitted naked closely/ along each other? half passed out/ after love, drifting back and/ forth across the border of consciousness, our/ bodies buoyant, clasped. These lines allow the reader to see how much the couple love each other, and the enjoyment they have together. The imagery in these lines is so amazingly written and described. The wife acknowledges the husbands fear that she will not kill him if he terminally ill. The narrator uses pathos while assuring her husband â€Å"I tell you you don’t/ know me if you think I will not/ kill you. † The impact of this line also shows just how much she loves her husband.The fact that the couple is â€Å"renewing our promise/ to kill each other† allows the reader to also feel great emotion towards the couple. The feeling of love and compassion is so great during this poem. III. Evaluating and Synthesizing: This poem had a very powerful emotional effect on me. I thought Olds did a beautiful job writing this poem. The argument Olds is arguing is so controversial and I respect her so much for writing this piece of literature. I honestly don’t know if I would ask my husband to kill me if I was terminally ill. That seems like a tough topic to think about.

Alexander the Great: The Invisible Enemy Essay

Alexander the Great Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Fighting has been an unavoidable part of human history since humans evolved. Regardless of the aim, no battle can be successful without a good leader. In history, among the best military leaders was Alexander the Great. He was born in Pella, 20th July 356BC. As a young person, Alexander was a strong and fearless boy and brought up as a warrior (Farmer, 216).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Alexander fought for twelve years in the Pearsian Gulf, Egypt and in the Middle East whereby his conquests left a legacy that had a positive and lasting impacts in the way of life of the peoples. Besides his conquests, Alexander inherited his father’skingdom of Macedonia at the age of twenty years, becoming one of the youngest king ever to be in the world. He worn many wars because of his ability to inspire, lead and motivate his armies. His intention was on constructing a united kingdom, which was not easy during his time, but he succeeded in building a united kingdom. It is for this reason that the development of ancient Macedonia is associated with Alexander the Great because he built cities along the trade routes through the wealth he obtained from the Persian treasury, whereby the economic system remained unchanged till the industrial revolution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Being a great leader, his legacy is still remembered for his ability to conquer many empires. He started his fighting campaign with 37000 men, of which 5000 were calvary. He used this army to fight his first war against the Persian Empire, which almost cost his life. After winning this war, he was able to control half of western Asia. Afterward, he also attacked Syria, Palestine and Egypt and conquered them and acquired the title of Pharaoh of Egypt. He was such a strong leader in the world history who never turned back against his enemies. His conquests still remain in the world history as the most successful leader in fighting and winning wars.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, regardless of his motives, ideas or views, Alexander enabled the extension of the Greek ideas and language to the non-Greek world of Asia. His destruction of the Persian created chances for Greek authorities, intellectuals, soldiers, engineers, merchants and his successors participate in the new political unity grounded on the principle of the monarch. His successors utilized force to introduce military monarchies, which dominated the Hellenistic monarchies world after his death. Furthermore, Autocratic authority became a regular characteristic of the Hellenistic monarchies, which was a section of Alexander’s political legacy (Heckel, 89). Nevertheless, it is clear that the Romans were inspired by Alexander’s vision because they were the real inheritors of his legacy. Not only did Alexander left a political legacy, but a cultural legacy that ended up in the Greek Language, architecture, literature and art that sprea ds into other regions of Asia. Moreover, the new cities that were created by Alexander becamethe spring board for the spread of the Greek culture. His legacy built the clash and fusion of distinct cultures that formed the basic features of the Hellenistic world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As a king, Alexander proved his leadership qualities through obtaining massive empires and leaving behind a legacy that had a lasting impact in future evolutions. Though his empires disintegrated after his death, he had already built a multi-cultural empire, which would ultimately have a significant effect on the Roman civilization. Besides, from the period of antiquity till to the present, he is demonstrated as a military genius. His achievements in the art of war are still shocking. Peoples such as Napoleon, Caesar, and Hannibal studied about Alexander military approaches and acknowledged that without the knowledge they acquired from Alexander, they would have not been capable of achieving what they did (Shecter, 410). It is clear that his achievement was a base for others to follow his footsteps. His armies usually counted on him to lead them in times of battle and he never failed them. As a matter of fact, he had a unique character whe reby when he usually arrived before his enemies anticipated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, Alexander the Great was a great leader and still one of the most bewildering great figures in history. Most of the historical figures do not stand out in similar level as Alexander. He was a warrior at the age of sixteen, a commander in chief at the age of eighteen and a king at the age of twenty. He solely handily altered the ancient world in just over a decade and looking at his childhood in the acquiring of the throne, conquests, marriage and death, it is clear that as the name great suggest, Alexander the Great was and is still one of the greatest historical and political figures of the world. Moreover, as a leader, he showed uncommon resourcefulness both in the combination of using distinct arms and acclimating a tactic to meet the problems of his powerful and strong adversaries. Besides, though he had a short time in authority, he marks an important period in world history. References Farmer, Henry George. â€Å"â€Å" The Horn of Alexander the Great †.† Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland: 500-03. Print. Heckel, Waldemar. â€Å"Alexander the Great: The Invisible Enemy.† Canadian Journal of History 1 Aug. 1993. Print. Shecter, Vicky Alvear. Alexander the Great Rocks the World. Plain City, OH: Darby Creek Pub., 2006. Print. Source document

Qué es un hold de inmigración, efectos y qué hacer

Quà © es un hold de inmigracià ³n, efectos y quà © hacer Un hold de inmigracià ³n es una peticià ³n que una autoridad migratoria le hace a una prisià ³n o crcel para que el dà ­a de puesta en libertad de una persona, esta sea retenida por un plazo de 48 horas y se entregue en custodia a ICE (siglas en inglà ©s de la agencia encargada del cumplimiento de las leyes de inmigracià ³n y ciudadanà ­a). El hold de inmigracià ³n, que tambià ©n se conoce por su nombre en inglà ©s de detainer, puede provocar la deportacià ³n inmediata de un inmigrante o el inicio de un procedimiento de remocià ³n en su contra. Por ello es importante conocer cundo tiene lugar el hold de inmigracià ³n, a cules inmigrantes puede afectar, cules son sus consecuencias y quà © hacer una vez que se da el detainer. Cà ³mo sabe ICE que un inmigrante est detenido o arrestado para pedir el hold En la mayorà ­a de los casos, ICE obtiene la informacià ³n en aplicacià ³n del programa Comunidades Seguras. En virtud del mismo, las autoridades policiales estatales, locales y de condados envà ­an a ICE las huellas dactilares de las personas arrestadas y detenidas por cualquier razà ³n. Las ms comunes son las que se producen en situaciones cotidianas como peleas, violencia domà ©stica, manejar sin licencia, etc. Con esa informacià ³n, ICE consulta la base de datos IDENT del Departamento de Seguridad Interna (DHS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) donde se guarda toda la informacià ³n biomà ©trica de los extranjeros legalmente en el paà ­s. Tambià ©n consulta la base de datos del FBI sobre antecedentes criminales. Segà ºn los resultados que obtenga decide si coloca un hold de inmigracià ³n. Otra forma en la que ICE tiene conocimiento de la situacià ³n migratoria de un detenido es a travà ©s de visitas que sus agentes realizan a crceles y prisiones, asà ­ como entrevistas que llevan a cabo con los detenidos. Finalmente, en una minorà ­a de casos puede darse que en vez de ICE sea la CBP (Policà ­a de Control de Fronteras, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) la que tenga conocimiento de un arresto o detencià ³n y ordene el detainer. En este punto hay que destacar que un nà ºmero relativamente elevado de ciudades y condados se niegan a colaborar en algà ºn grado con ICE, por ejemplo no permitiendo acceso a los detenidos en sus crceles, excepto con una orden judicial, o no compartiendo las huellas digitales de los arrestados. Esto es lo que se conoce popularmente con el nombre de ciudades santuario. El caso ms significativo es el de California, el estado con  mayor nà ºmero de inmigrantes. La ley SB54, con fecha de entrada en vigor de 1 de enero de 2018, prohibe expresamente el uso de recursos pà ºblicos estatales o locales para colaborar con acciones de ICE conducentes a la deportacià ³n de inmigrantes y tambià ©n el ingreso a prisià ³n para entrevistar a detenidos, excepto en los casos de orden judicial. Cules inmigrantes pueden ser sujetos deun hold de ICE En realidad, el detainer puede referirse a cualquier inmigrante quien se cree que debe ser deportado. Sin embargo, en la prctica los hold de inmigracià ³n recaen sobre los inmigrantes que se encuentran en tres categorà ­as. En primer lugar, los inmigrantes indocumentados. Pueden estar en esta situacià ³n porque ingresaron a los Estados Unidos ilegalmente por la frontera o porque entraron legalmente pero no salieron a tiempo, producià ©ndose lo que popularmente se conoce como un overstay. En segundo lugar, los inmigrantes sobre quienes haya  una orden de deportacià ³n pendiente, incluso aquellos cuya orden de remocià ³n se dictà ³ en ausencia porque no se presentaron en Corte  y tambià ©n los inmigrantes que han sido previamente deportados y han regresado al paà ­s ilegalmente.   En tercer lugar, los inmigrantes que han cometido una felonà ­a. En este grupo tambià ©n se pueden encontrar los residentes permanentes legales cuando han sido condenados por ciertas ofensas, como por ejemplo, los delitos calificados como agravados. Quà © sucede cuando se coloca un hold de inmigracià ³n Si la autoridad local, estatal o del condado cumple con el hold del ICE, lo primero que ocurre es que el inmigrante va a ser transferido a una prisià ³n migratoria, que puede ser pà ºblica o privada. En muchos casos incluso va a estar en otro estado, siendo frecuente el envà ­o a un centro de detencià ³n en el  estado de Texas. Tambià ©n es posible que el inmigrante en custodia del ICE cambie con frecuencia de centro de detencià ³n, lo que dificulta a los familiares y amigos encontrar rpido al inmigrante y podrà ­an pasar dà ­as sin tener informacià ³n. A continuacià ³n se pueden dar tres diferentes situaciones segà ºn la situacià ³n migratoria del detenido. En primer lugar estn los inmigrantes que son deportados  automticamente sin  presentarse ante un juez de inmigracià ³n. En esta situacià ³n se encuentran varias categorà ­as de inmigrantes, por ejemplo las personas que se fueron de Estados Unidos en medio de un procedimiento de deportacià ³n sin esperar al resultado final. Tambià ©n son deportados automticamente los migrantes con una orden de deportacià ³n reinstaurada, lo que sucede cuando ingresan a los Estados Unidos ilegalmente despuà ©s de haber sido deportados o expulsados automticamente. En algunos casos se puede luchar contra esta reinstauracià ³n si se puede alegar miedo creà ­ble como base de una aplicacià ³n de asilo,  se est en un procedimiento de ajuste de estatus, o se puede pedir proteccià ³n bajo NACARA o Life Act en el caso de ser ciudadano de Cuba, Nicaragua, El Salvador o Guatemala. Hay que destacar que los migrantes que ingresan a Estados Unidos ilegalmente despuà ©s de una remocià ³n cometen un delito y pueden, adems, ser multados o condenados a dos aà ±os de prisià ³n o ambas condenas conjuntamente. Adems, si previamente han cometido un delito no agravado o tres faltas relacionadas con drogas, la condena de crcel puede elevarse a un mximo de 10 aà ±os. Si el migrante ha cometido previamente un delito agravado, la pena de prisià ³n puede alcanzar los 20 aà ±os. Finalmente, tambià ©n son deportados sin pasar por un juez migratorio, salvo circunstancias muy excepcionales, los extranjeros que ingresaron a Estados Unidos legalmente pero sin visa al amparo del Programa de Exencià ³n de Visados y que se quedaron ms de 90 dà ­as en el paà ­s. Otra situacià ³n distinta que puede darse es la firma por parte del inmigrante de una salida voluntaria. Hay que destacar que no se debe jams firmar un documento que no se entiende o con el que no se est de acuerdo. Si el documento se firma,  el inmigrante ser removido a su paà ­s sin ms trmites. Por à ºltimo est la situacià ³n de los migrantes que pueden acudir a un juez de inmigracià ³n y pedir alguno de los alivios que prevà © la ley para evitar su remocià ³n de los Estados Unidos. Por ejemplo, solicitar un ajuste de estatus, asilo,  aplazamiento  de la deportacià ³n, etc. En estos casos a veces es posible solicitar quedar libre bajo palabra mientras no se celebra la vista o previo depà ³sito de una fianza migratoria. El juez puede acceder si considera que el migrante no representa riesgo de no comparecer a la vista de deportacià ³n y si no est en la lista de ofensas que impiden quedar en libertad con fianza. Entre esas à ºltimas situaciones estn, entre otras, los delitos relacionados con drogas, excepto posesià ³n de menos de 30 gramos de marihuana, delitos de armas, dos delitos inmorales o uno si lleva pena de prisià ³n superior a un aà ±o, todos los delitos agravados y ofensas que pueden ser consideradas una amenaza a la seguridad del paà ­s, como por ejemplo la pertenencia a pandillas. Una vez que se celebre la vista, lo cual puede demorarse aà ±os, se dictar sentencia, la cual puede ser apelada ante el BIA  (Tribunal de Apelaciones de Inmigracià ³n, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Quà © se puede hacer en los casos de un hold de inmigracià ³n El mejor consejo es buscar asesorà ­a  legal de confianza para que ayude en trmites como bà ºsqueda del detenido, solicitud de fianza o peticià ³n de rebaja de la cantidad fijada y, muy especialmente, estudio y diseà ±o de una estrategia para luchar con à ©xito en un caso de deportacià ³n. Si no se puede pagar un abogado miembro de AILA, la asociacià ³n de letrados migratorios de Estados Unidos, se puede considerar intentar contactar a un abogado pro bono a travà ©s de alguna organizacià ³n reputada de ayuda a inmigrantes. Por à ºltimo, los ciudadanos mexicanos pueden encontrar ayuda gratuita en el telà ©fono de CIAM, organizacià ³n que ayuda a encontrar detenidos y da referencias de abogados comprometidos y competentes cercanos a los centros de detencià ³n de migrantes. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Philosophical Quotes on Lying

Philosophical Quotes on Lying Lying is a complex activity, one that we often blame, despite the fact that several times it may be the best ethical option left to us. While lying can be been seen as a threat to civil society, there seem to be several instances in which lying seems the most intuitively moral option. Besides, if a sufficiently broad definition of lying is adopted, it seems utterly impossible to escape lies, either because of instances of self-deception or because of the social construction of our persona. In the sequel, I compiled some favorite quotes on lying: if you have any additional ones to suggest, please do get in touch! Baltasar Gracin: Don’t lie, but don’t tell the whole truth. Cesare Pavese: The art of living is the art of knowing how to believe lies. The fearful thing about it is that not knowing what truth may be, we can still recognize lies. William Shakespeare, from The Merchant of Venice: The world is still deceivd with ornament,In law, what plea so tainted and corrupt,But, being seasond with a gracious voice,Obscures the show of evil? In religion,What damned error, but some sober browWill bless it and approve it with a text,Hiding the grossness with fair ornament? Criss Jami: Just because something isnt a lie does not mean that it isnt deceptive. A liar knows that he is a liar, but one who speaks mere portions of truth in order to deceive is a craftsman of destruction... Gregg Olsen, from Envy: If only these walls could talk†¦the world would know just how hard it is to tell the truth in a story in which everyone’s a liar. Dianne Sylvan, from Queen of Shadows: She was famous, and she was insane. Her voice soared out over the audience, holding them spellbound and enraptured, delivering their hopes and fears tangled in chords and rhythm. They called her an angel, her voice a gift. She was famous, and she was a liar.Plato: We can easily forgive a child who is afraid of the dark; the real tragedy of life is when men are afraid of the light. Ralph Moody: There are only two kinds of men in this world: Honest men and dishonest men. ...Any man who says the world owes him a living is dishonest. The same God that made you and me made this earth. And He planned it so that it would yield every single thing that the people on it need. But He was careful to plan it so that it would only yield up its wealth in exchange for the labor of man. Any man who tries to share in that wealth without contributing the work of his brain or his hands is dishonest. Sigmund Freud, from The Future of an Illusion: Where questions of religion are concerned, people are guilty of every possible sort of dishonesty and intellectual misdemeanor. Clarence Darrow, from The Story of My Life: Some false representations contravene the law; some do not. The law does not pretend to punish everything that is dishonest. That would seriously interfere with business, and, besides, could not be done. The line between honesty and dishonesty is a narrow, shifting one and usually lets those get by that are the most subtle and already have more than they can use. Further Online Sources The entry on the Definition of Lying and Deception at the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.The entry on the Liar Paradox at the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.The entry on the Liar Paradox at the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.The entry on the Definition of Lying and Deception at the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.A New York Times op-ed by Graham Priest on the paradox.

Individual and International Response to Disasters Essay

Individual and International Response to Disasters - Essay Example The response towards major humanitarian disasters such as the deadly tsunami that struck Asia in December 2004 leaving approximately 200,000 people dead, scores of hundreds missing and property worth millions of dollars in damages has, no doubt, been massive (UN/ISDR par 4). From donations to volunteer services outpouring from all corners of the world, the responses with respect to the 21st century humanitarian crises without a sense of denial, have been commendable but not sufficient. Yet, the role of the media, an integral component of communication parameters, appears to be less than equal to the task of coercing the entire process with the right buttons; evidence points to synergies directed in the aftermath rather than in the preventive mechanisms. By definition, a disaster [according to the United Nations] refers to a sudden, adverse, disruptive event to the normal functioning of the society with intolerably widespread losses beyond the ability of the affected using the availab le resources (UN DHA/IDNDR 27). Whether man made or natural, disasters are catastrophic, instantaneous, indiscriminate in character, and more so, occur without warning thereby making adjustments efforts difficult. To be sure, man has known disasters for ages. Human suffering induced by floods and/or famines are but tales that have defied generational with deleterious damages that enjoins precious life in a long list of loses. Though helpful, the technological improvements have more than detached man from nature and made the modern era disaster occurrences even more frequent and perilous with partly irreparable consequences. Individual and international agencies/organizations respond to disasters as a show of care gesture and/or to assist in situations where facilities and resources are genuinely inadequate in addressing the humanitarian needs of the affected populations. The assistance normally ranges from immediate to long-term efforts designed to save lives of those in danger and subsequently lessen or alleviate altogether any form of suffering (â€Å"23 Principles of Humanitarian Donorship† par 3). It is worth mentioning that no single actor can successfully meet the facets of a relief/recovery without help. Indeed from the survivors’ needs spanning from health risks [nutrition and emergency shelters, for instance], to livelihood reconstructions, international disaster responses would be verily incomplete without the combinative effort from various specialized actors beginning with the affected government entities, intergovernmental organizations [the UN agencies, to be precise], nongovernmental organizations [both the domestic and the international], the Red Cross, and more importantly the support of the affected civilian populations. Nonetheless, while these actors respond uniquely in some way to humanitarian disasters, not all stretch their efforts to the ultimate objective, thus making disasters rightly multi-phased emergencies where actor s only make contributions towards a desired end. Coordinated collaboration among actors is thus vital in combining specific knowledge, skills, experiences as well as technologies. While it is almost certain that these resources will ultimately meet towards the course discussed herein, quite a number of factors [argued below] determine their supply. Factors that Influence Individual and International Response to Disasters Extreme events such as the 9/11 attacks, the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, and the more recent Hurricane Sandy in the United States did produce catastrophic impacts with long-term disruption of socio-economic systems. With the exception

Socialization and Other Skills for the Students Essay

Socialization and Other Skills for the Students - Essay Example The student is in the classroom and often daydreams. In order to help this student, I would work with the student in a quiet area within the classroom. I would break the assignments down into smaller chunks. I would use a timer for this and set the timer to correspond with the student’s attention span. As an example, if I saw that the student began to daydream after ten minutes, I would set the timer for ten minutes and then allow the class to have a short break at the end of each 10 minutes. I would also use small group activities so that the student could interact with other students during the learning process. The third intervention would be to watch the student and as I saw them going into a daydreaming phase I would let them know I was going to call on them next to answer a question. I would remind the class to focus on what we were doing at that time so I could bring the student’s attention back to the classroom. This intervention would specifically address the d aydreaming in that it would give the student something to do for a shorter amount of time. The outcome for the intervention would be that the student was able to sit in the classroom for the entire classroom time, without daydreaming. Progress for this intervention could be monitored by keeping track of the amount of time that the student is able to tolerate. As an example, the starting point would be 10 minutes, the time would be extended to 15 minutes and then finally to the full class time. Once the student could stay in the class without daydreaming and without using the timer, I would know that the intervention was effective.